Types of prostatitis in men

Prostate disease is one of the most common and insidious diseases affecting men over 40 years of age.At first, patients may not even realize there is a problem, but over time the symptoms make themselves felt.If you do not consult a doctor in time, prostatitis becomes chronic and complications may arise.Depending on the severity, cause and nature of the course, different types of prostatitis are distinguished.

Types of prostatitis according to the form of occurrence:

• spicy;
• chronic;
• latent.

What type of prostatitis occurs due to:

• herpetic;
• bacterial;
• calculating;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent;
• chlamydia;
• fungal;
• gonorrhea;
• fibrous.

Classification

Faced with such an unpleasant disease of the genitourinary system as inflammation of the prostate gland, many men ask themselves why prostatitis occurred in them.

Understanding the etiology of the disease helps to make an accurate diagnosis and promotes effective prevention.

According to the flow shape

According to the form of its course, prostatitis is divided into acute, chronic and latent, among which catarrhal, follicular and parenchymal (purulent) are distinguished.

The following forms of the disease are distinguished:

• With catarrhal prostatitis, the male body experiences disturbances in urination and discomfort in the pubic area.This is the most common type of acute prostatitis.
• Follicular prostatitis is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the groin or anus, increased body temperature and severe urinary problems (dysuria).In a more advanced form, when the patient postpones the medical appointment, acute pain occurs when urinating and urinary retention occurs.
• Parenchymal prostatitis - an abscess with purulent contents forms in the prostate body.In this case, a fever occurs, sharp pain appears with a frequent urge to urinate.The temperature rises to 39–40 °C, defecation becomes almost impossible.

Acute prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a condition in which inflammation of the prostate occurs, occurring over a short period of time and characterized by several symptoms.Swelling of the gland occurs, provoked by the negative effects of pathogenic microflora.Pathogenic bacteria disrupt tissue integrity, causing constant discomfort in the pelvic region even at rest.

There are several preferred ways for the infection to enter the prostate:

• for inflammation of the rectum - lymphogenic route;
• after infectious - hematogenous diseases;
• directly through the urethra - canalicular.

The excessive accumulation of content in the prostate creates excellent conditions for the proliferation of bacteria, which causes several complications:

• abscess;
• prostate adenoma;
• prostate cancer;
• loss of power;
• infertility.

The symptoms of prostatitis are so painful that the patient is forced to urgently consult a doctor for help.If this is not done in time, prostatitis will become chronic, which is much more difficult to cure.Antibacterial therapy in combination with medications that strengthen the immune system effectively fights the disease.

Chronic prostatitis

Symptoms of chronic prostatitis are usually detected in the context of prostate congestion resulting from an untreated acute illness.It usually occurs in men over 50 who have not sought help and self-medicated.Many of them had complications due to concomitant illnesses.Furthermore, at this age not all people are sexually active enough, which causes the secretion to thicken and stagnate in the prostate, which leads to dysfunction.Interrupted sexual intercourse also causes fluid stagnation.According to modern research, about 40% of people who experience symptoms of chronic prostatitis experience erection problems.

Chronic prostatitis, as a rule, has mild symptoms that appear only during an exacerbation.Patients report dull pain in the groin area, which intensifies after exercise and at the end of the day.Often the pain radiates to the lower back, scrotum, and perineum.Frequent urination is observed, especially at night, the flow is intermittent and crooked.

Sexual intercourse becomes less prolonged, an incomplete erection is observed, and sometimes pain in the head of the penis occurs.Infertility is usually found in people with chronic prostatitis;impotence practically does not occur at this stage of the disease.Sometimes there is a change in the color of the genitals;due to inadequate blood circulation, they turn purple.

Each of the symptoms of prostatitis intensifies if left untreated.The condition is similar to the manifestations during the acute course of the disease.Weakened immunity, stress, neglect of food, bad habits - all this leads to exacerbation and worsening of the condition.

Often, the chronic form leads to the appearance of symptoms of diseases such as cystitis, kidney disease and adenoma.The risk of urolithiasis and malignant tumor formation increases.Often, the pathological process is practically asymptomatic and is discovered completely accidentally during laboratory tests associated with another disease.

Due to the occurrence

There are several reasons that cause the development of prostatitis of infectious and non-infectious etiology, as well as predisposing factors.Due to its occurrence, the following types of prostatitis are distinguished:

• bacterial;
• calculating;
• stagnant;
• infectious;
• purulent.

A sedentary lifestyle, frequent hypothermia, rare sexual activity, interrupted sexual intercourse, smoking, alcohol abuse, stressful situations - all these circumstances affect the stagnation of secretions in the vessels of the prostate and vessels located next to it.Prostatitis is classified into different forms depending on the reasons for its occurrence.

Bacterial prostatitis

Bacterial prostatitis is caused by bacteria that enter the prostate in several ways.It could be a type of bacteria or a group of them.The disease can be caused by:

• fungi;
• gonococci;
• Koch stick;
• chlamydia;
• several types of bacteria at the same time.

The inflammatory process is most often associated with the penetration of bacteria caused by sexually transmitted diseases into the prostate gland.Chaotic sex with frequent partner changes and no use of protection leads to diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia and fungal infections.Also, the development of pathology is facilitated by a decrease in immunity due to disruption of work and rest.Bad habits like smoking, drinking alcohol, sedentary lifestyle, etc.also reduce immunity.

The most obvious symptoms that accompany bacterial prostatitis include burning, pain, and cloudy discharge during urination.The smell of urine is unpleasant.General symptoms accompanying intoxication are observed: dizziness, weakness, nausea, fever.There is pain during ejaculation and sometimes there is the presence of blood.In chronic bacterial prostatitis, urination becomes more frequent and yellowish or greenish discharge appears from the genitals.

Calculated prostatitis

In calculous prostatitis, stones form in the ducts of the prostate.This form of the disease is very complex and is accompanied by severe pain.Conglomerates have different origins: phosphates, oxalates, with a predominance of calcium and proteins.

There are two reasons for the formation of stones in the ducts: stagnation of the gland's contents and reflux of urine into the prostate.

Stagnation is associated with several factors that interfere with the normal outflow of secreted fluid.Prolonged sexual abstinence, hyperplasia, the presence of a tumor that closes the ducts and a sedentary lifestyle lead to stagnation of secretions and disruption of the vascular and lymphatic systems.

Urinary reflux is caused by a malfunction of the sphincter, which relaxes and urine flows out and in.The presence of stones and sand in the bladder contributes to the development of stones in the prostate ducts.They are transported there with the urine, settle and continue to grow, eventually reducing the output.Sphincter dysfunction can result from genital injuries and surgical interventions.

At first, the calculous form of prostatitis is asymptomatic;As the stones grow, symptoms appear and increase.There is pain in the lower abdomen or scrotum, radiating to the buttocks and lower back.Pain at rest is not observed and occurs only during physical activity, defecation and urination, as well as during sexual intercourse and when walking.

Large stones with sharp edges injure the canal during their movement, which leads not only to pain, but also to the release of blood in urine and ejaculation.Wounds caused by stones can easily become infected, and then calculous prostatitis will become infectious.

After about a month, with calculous prostatitis, the functioning of the entire body is disturbed, the person feels unwell, experiences insomnia, fatigue and irritability increases.

In the advanced stages of the calculous form of prostatitis, after a complete diagnostic examination, medication is prescribed and surgical treatment is performed to remove conglomerates.

Congestive prostatitis

The stagnant type of prostatitis occurs due to retention of secretions in the prostate gland.Most often, these problems are observed in men with sedentary work and who do not play sports.As a result of physical inactivity, blood circulation in the pelvic organs is impaired, the prostate gland suffers from insufficient oxygen and nutrients, stagnation and inflammation occur.If nothing is done, the disease becomes chronic and causes great discomfort.

Congestive prostatitis is caused by irregular sexual life or its total absence.In this case, the man must release the gland from secretion on his own, but do not overdo it, as regular masturbation can cause damage due to incomplete ejaculation.Many spouses have found a method to prevent pregnancy, such as stopping sexual intercourse.This also leads to incomplete ejaculation and the development of inflammation.

Sometimes the provoking factor is hypothermia or varicose veins.Anomalies in the structure of the prostate can also cause stagnation.Regular overheating of the pelvic region and constant constipation negatively affect the production of secretions.Depending on the factors provoking the disease, there are several types of congestive prostatitis.

• Venous prostatitis.It occurs in people who suffer from varicose veins in the lower extremities.This disease affects all organs in the pelvis due to inadequate blood circulation.
• Congestive.It develops with partial emptying of the prostate.Gradual overflow leads to stagnation.
• Chronic.It develops when an incorrect lifestyle becomes a habit.If nothing is done to change the situation, the disease becomes chronic.It most often occurs in single men who suffer from obesity already in adulthood, when the anamnesis is complicated by concomitant diseases.At this stage, the prostate gland usually increases in size, which is easy to determine during examination.
• Infectious.It joins existing inflammation in the prostate when an infection enters the genitourinary system.

The symptoms of prostatitis that appear are caused by difficulty urinating, pain in the groin, straining during bowel movements and weakening of sexual activity.As a result of these symptoms, with congestive types of prostatitis, health problems develop, irritability develops, performance decreases and sleep is disturbed.

Infectious prostatitis

Microorganisms that can provoke the appearance of signs of acute prostatitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Eltirococcus, Klebsiella.There are bacteria that are constantly in the body, but in a dormant state they do not lead to inflammatory processes.When penetrating through the urethra into the mucous membrane of the prostate, the process of development and reproduction of microorganisms begins, resulting in inflammation.Indiscriminate and unprotected sex also allows harmful bacteria to enter the body.

Characteristic symptoms are pain in the scrotum, perineum, lower abdomen, lower back, pain and burning in the pelvis.Difficulty urinating, acute urinary retention occurs.In addition to the listed symptoms accompanying the infectious type of prostatitis, constipation, urethral discharge, hemospermia and pain during ejaculation may occur.

This is a dangerous disease that, even in the early stages, can provoke infection of a sexual partner, lead to general blood poisoning or the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis.

Purulent prostatitis

Purulent prostatitis usually develops when a bacterial infection enters the prostate gland.The disease occurs in four stages.

• Catarrhal.It develops after suffering from acute respiratory viral infection, sore throat or flu.There is purulent content in the urine.There is a burning sensation when the bladder is empty.Patients note a weakening of potency.The process that accompanies this type of prostatitis involves the superficial tissues of the prostate.
• Focal.The process extends to the glandular tissue.The ducts swell, the outlet is stopped.The gland increases in size due to the accumulation of pus in it, which is released into the urine.Body temperature increases.
• Parenchymal.Connective tissue is involved in the process, the swelling becomes even greater and the temperature can reach 40 °C.The explosive pain in the anus gives no rest and you feel a false urge to defecate.
• Abscess.The most insidious form of prostatitis.The temperature drops sharply, there is an abundant presence of pus and unbearable pain.This phase can be complicated by peritonitis and can be fatal.

Purulent prostatitis can be complicated by symptoms and diseases such as paraproctitis, paracystitis, abscess and sepsis.Typically, these pathologies are treated surgically and involve the removal of purulent pockets.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of types of prostatitis is not particularly difficult and begins with collecting an anamnesis, which helps to more accurately understand the picture of the disease.Then a rectal examination is performed, during which the size of the gland is determined, the nature of the pain is determined and the presence of swelling and induration is detected.

To make a correct diagnosis, laboratory tests are prescribed:

• urine test;
• urine culture with AB sensitivity test;
• general blood test;
• prostate secretion analysis;
• biochemical blood test;
• rectal examination.

Additional diagnostics include instrumental research methods.First, an ultrasound is performed;if necessary, MRI and TRUS are additionally prescribed.Relatively recently, a new method of PET examination appeared;is considered the most informative.

Treatment of inflammation

Urologists treat all types of prostatitis.Traditional methods are good, but only with a medical prescription and authorization from the attending physician.

First, it is necessary to discover the cause that caused the disease and only then can symptomatic treatment be carried out.

• Active antibacterial therapy helps cure prostatitis.Parenteral administration of antibiotics is more effective.
• For severe pain, analgesics and diuretics are indicated.
• For constipation, laxatives are prescribed.
• For severe pain and difficulty urinating, novocaine blocks are placed.
• A course of vitamin therapy and immunocorrectors is indicated.
• It is worth following a special diet that excludes spicy, salty and smoked foods.
• Bed rest is prescribed.

Local procedures include sitz baths with water at a temperature two degrees higher than body temperature.Enemas are made with a decoction of anti-inflammatory herbs with the addition of 1% anesthetic, while the contents are slowly introduced into the intestine and left there for as long as the patient can tolerate it.

Physiotherapy treatment also has a beneficial effect on restoring prostate function.Prostate massage is prohibited for acute prostatitis, but is recommended for chronic prostatitis.To restore metabolism, normal blood circulation and relieve swelling, UHF and microwave are prescribed.

If urination takes a long time, a catheter is installed.In some stages of the disease, surgical treatment is indicated to open the purulent sacs and install drainage.

Treatment of acute prostatitis takes several weeks to a month.A favorable outcome is usually observed.If the disease has become complicated or has reached a chronic stage, the process will be complex, long and may take several months.

During treatment, restriction of sexual activity and the use of personal protective equipment are recommended.

A physiotherapeutic medical device helps cure prostatitis.Effectively eliminates the symptoms of prostatitis, is able to restore reduced sexual activity, eliminates pain, relieves swelling and inflammation.The device can be used at home both for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the pelvic organs.

The device will relieve muscle tension, improve sperm production, strengthen blood vessels and prevent the development of other possible diseases in the pelvis.The device, used to treat prostatitis in men, is easy to use, equipped with a regulator for heating and vibration modes and operates on an electrical network.Compact dimensions allow the device to be used in any conditions.

How to prevent the development of the disease?

Prevention of various types of prostatitis, like any other disease, consists of maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding bad habits and eating a balanced diet.If you have been diagnosed with prostatitis, you should not neglect exercise.If any outbreak of inflammation occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor to eliminate the cause and prevent the infection from spreading to other organs.

You should lead a decent lifestyle and have sex regularly with a regular partner.It is important not to forget about personal hygiene of the genitals and not to neglect regular preventive examinations by a urologist.If a man knows what prostatitis can be and at the same time leads a passive lifestyle, he needs to do exercises that prevent the appearance of congestion in the pelvis.

Let's summarize

Depending on the causes and characteristics of the course, acute and chronic types of prostatitis are diagnosed.A separate group includes chronic pelvic pain syndrome.Acute prostatitis is characterized by clinical manifestations such as chills, fever and pain.The chronic form may not manifest itself at all or have a vague picture: difficulty urinating, pain in the pelvic region which, as complications develop, can lead to impotence and loss of fertility.

Acute prostatitis develops suddenly and is easily diagnosed.In contrast, chronic prostatitis occurs in waves, alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.In chronic cases, the identification of pathogenic microbes can cause certain difficulties.Foci of infection occurring in the genitourinary system provoke complications in the form of diseases of organs anatomically adjacent to the prostate.Depending on the type of prostatitis diagnosed, the urologist prescribes a different treatment regimen.